The Motive Of Imposters Essays - Italian Films, British Films

The Motive of Imposters William Shakespeare accomplished abstract eternality through his article of the numerous characteristics of human instinct in his works. One such work, The Merchant of Venice, spins around the human quality of trickiness. Fakes and fakes have been industrious since forever, even right up 'til today. Proof of duplicity is surrounding us, regardless of whether it is in the items we buy or the business representatives' bogus grin as one discussions the acquisition of the fanciful product. We are overwhelmed by fakes, fakers, and con artists. Albeit frequently connected with a heart of perniciousness, imposture changes in its thought processes as much as it's specialists, showed in The Merchant of Venice by the determined characters of Shylock and Portia. We oftentimes observe the aim of eagerness and self-centeredness concealed by the words and face of uprightness. Such adventure is shown by the uncommonly closefisted Shylock, a disagreeable Jew who makes his living through the act of usury. At the point when gone up against about his unsympathetic exchange, he falls back on refering to sacred writing, accordingly contrasting his childish exchange and the activities of heavenly men (I, iii, 73-87). Antonio, an all around regarded and respectable trader, sees directly through the deception of the avocation and asks Shylock, Was this embedded to make intrigue great? Or then again is your gold and silver ewes and rams? (I, iii, 91-92). The reaction from Shylock to the inquiry uncovers a brief look at his actual significance. I can't tell; I make it breed as quick (I, iii, 93-94) is a preferably proud answer of his riches over a noble justification. To which Antonio can just go to his companion and state The villain can site Scripture fo r his motivation. A detestable soul creating sacred observer resembles a lowlife with a grinning cheek (I, iii, 95-97). Words alone are by all account not the only methods by which frauds work. An unmistakably progressively powerful mode is one that tricks the eye for it can't puncture through the surface. Portia, the new spouse of Antonio's companion, dresses as an attorney so as to trick the court. In any case, in contrast to Shylock's thought process, Portia's plan is unmistakably progressively respectable and benevolent. She controls the law in such a manner to spare Antonio from unavoidable passing by the hand of Shylock. Through the eyes of the law, the imposture of a legal advisor, particularly by a lady around then, was viewed as amazingly illegal. However, Portia considered pantomime to be the main methods by which to spare a man's life. The activity more than justified the reason. Irrefutably a thought process of fair moral qualities. The differentiation between the expectations of Shylock and Portia is clear. Despite the fact that Portia saved the life of a respectable man, she used trickery so as to do as such. By the by, one may contend that imposture of any structure is contemptibility and the intention behind it can't change that. The best way to save unadulterated truth would be with relentless honesty. - Stan Szubiak, 9/22/99

Explore The Increasing Cost Of Providing Community Care Social Work Essay Essay Example

Investigate The Increasing Cost Of Providing Community Care Social Work Essay The expense of providing network consideration in the UK is expanding fundamentally. In this paper an exertion will be made to talk on the lifting expenses of providing network consideration especially focusing on more established individuals with insanity and those under private consideration in UK by using arranged research techniques including research informations and writing investigation. The boss point of convergence would be on factors which lead to increment monetary burden on cultural and health consideration administrations. Other than an intricate treatment on examination and survey of the present emotionally supportive network and its outcomes on the changes made are sorted by understanding the apportioning capacity of consideration executives to show signs of improvement of such burden. This would be trailed by an in-detail treatment on the significance of sense of self consideration and casual consideration and a few issues starting with them with increasingly point of convergence on the significance of casual consideration using an occasion review. We will compose a custom article test on Explore The Increasing Cost Of Providing Community Care Social Work Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Explore The Increasing Cost Of Providing Community Care Social Work Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Explore The Increasing Cost Of Providing Community Care Social Work Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Prior to proceeding with more distant, permit us focus on the term network consideration and talk about its improvement in the UK. Network consideration was imagined in 1993 with the execution of network consideration changes. Be that as it may, blending to Bulmer, as referenced by Victor ( 1997 ) , the principal functionary utilization of the term network consideration was made in 1957 and identified with the field of mental unwellness. Bulmer other than puts frontward that during the late fiftiess, the since a long time ago run consideration administrations for intellectually wiped out patients in shared or institutional scenes drove the improvement of network consideration approach in this state. It was discovered that Community consideration was progressively useful and productive for long-stay consideration dissimilar to institutional scenes which were seen as being harsh, uneffective and profoundly costly. Titmus ( 1968:4 refered to by Victor, 1997:8 ) cited: What some expectation will one twenty-four hours be is out of nowhere thought by numerous individuals to be now what of the lodge garden trailor network consideration . Does it non raise up a feeling of warmth and human thoughtfulness, especially close to home and consoling, each piece adoring as the wild blossoms so bewitchingly portrayed by Lawrence in Lady Chatterley s Lover? Blending to the 1989 White Paper Caring for People, people group consideration was characterized as: providing the correct level of intervention and backing to empower individuals to achieve maximal independency and power over their lives. For this reason to go a world, the improvement of a wide extent of administrations gave in an arrangement of scenes is imperative. These administrations structure segment of range of consideration, runing from domiciliary help gave to individuals in their ain spots, fortified by the handiness of rest consideration and twenty-four hours consideration for those with progressively concentrated consideration requests, those shielded housing, bunch spots and motels where expanding degrees of consideration are accessible, to private consideration and nursing places and long-stay clinic consideration for those whom different signifiers of consideration are no longer bounty ( DoH, 1989 refered to by Means et Al, 2008:6 ) . Network consideration as clarified by Victor ( 1997 ) is given by both casual and formal providers. Ordering more remote, he includes that proper providers of network consideration establishes grouped legal authorities, willful each piece great as private area though casual providers comprises family unit and companions. Notwithstanding, there has been a significant worry over expanding cost of the conventional consideration and segment changes which will be talked about in thing in this exposition as I continue. The monetary heap of providing a conventional network consideration has prompted the conservation of legal authorities and as proposed by Victor ( 1997 ) has expanded highlight upon the capacity of casual division. Let us presently examine socioeconomics of since quite a while ago run consideration focusing more on private consideration and the consideration of more seasoned individuals with psychosis. As referenced by Laing ( 1993, refered to by Victor, 1997 ) , a one-year outgo for long stay consideration in UK in the days of old was ?10.2 billion a twelvemonth ?9.1 billion was represented more seasoned individuals. Outgo on private consideration stipulation was ?6.6 billion a twelvemonth and ?2.5 billion was spent on providing administrations in more seasoned people groups ain spot. Subsequently more seasoned individuals accounted more for private consideration than for administrations gave in their ain spots. Let us other than now look to focus on a mean for every capita outgo on the individual cultural administrations for more seasoned individuals in England. According to the data got from the NHS wellbeing and cultural consideration data Center ( 2006 ) , net current outgo on more establi shed individuals in 2003-2004 was ?8 billion which comprised around 44 % of the whole outgo ( 18.2 one million millions ) and only ?4.4 billion was spent on kids s and family unit administrations. Orchestrating to the kinds of stipulation for more seasoned individuals in England, outgo on private consideration stipulation was ?4,490 1000000s and that of twenty-four hours and domiciliary consideration stipulation was ?2,620 1000000s in 2004-2005 ( National insights, 2006 ) , while in 2006-07, the outgo raised to ?4,710 1000000s for private stipulation and ?2,620 1000000s for twenty-four hours and domiciliary consideration stipulation ( National measurements, 2008 ) . Consequently it is evident that mean per capita outgo augmentations extraordinarily with the age and is other than substantially more for private consideration administrations than twenty-four hours and domiciliary consideration administrations. One of the grounds can be dementia that makes a significant burden through t he costs put on since quite a while ago run systematized consideration like nursing places or private consideration places. According to the measurements acquired and distributed by Fernandez ( 2010 ) in the United Kingdom, 683,597 individuals experienced psychosis in 2005, which expanded to 821,884 out of 2006 and is proposed to hold expanded up to 940,110 by 2021 and 1,735,087 by 2051. In 2008 it was assessed that 37 % of all hysteria patients in the UK were in since quite a while ago run consideration foundations bing an overflow of ?9 billion for each twelvemonth in cultural consideration. In general, derangement was seen as ?23 billion in footings of health and cultural consideration, casual consideration and productiveness losingss in 2008 ( Fernandez, 2010 ) . Moreover, expanding populace has other than been one of the elements for loaning in such employment. Orchestrating to the Government Actuary s area ( 2007 ) the United Kingdom populace is anticipated to increment by 7.2 million by 2031 and by 2025, the figure of individuals in the UK matured more than 85 will hold expanded by 66% as referenced by Department of health ( 2007 ) in its article, An equation for care-Not an individual fixing. Such an expansion in the figure of more seasoned individuals is one of the of import factors for expanding cost of providing network consideration since it is them who are the central donees of health and cultural consideration benefits as they are bound to suffer from perilous contaminations, falls and furor and to stay in clinics. According to the measurements distributed by the Department of Health ( 2007 ) , individuals more than 65 mature ages represented 43 % of the NHS s whole financial plans in 2003-04 and at a similar clasp represented 65 % of intense clinic beds. In 2004-2005, they represented 58 % of cultural administrations spending plans and got 71 % of cultural consideration groups ( DoH, 2007 ) . Having distinguished the expanding figure of matured people in the state as one of the of import factors, permit us other than center around some different elements that may affect the expense of health and cultural consideration benefits in close in the future. Different variables we can see are less working age, expansion in pensionable age and expansion in more seasoned age. According to the measurements given by GAD ( 2007 ) , in 2004 there were 3.33 people of working age for each person of area pensionable age. This segment bolster proportion is relied upon to compound to about 2.40 around the twelvemonth 2040. The figure of individuals of region pensionable age is anticipated to increment by 9.3 percent from 11.1 million out of 2004 to 12.2 million of every 2010. Moreover, the populace will a little bit at a time go more seasoned with the standard ( normal ) age expected to lift from 39.5 mature ages in 2004 to 43.3 mature ages in 2031. Accordingly we see that interest for cons ideration is set to lift fundamentally as an outcome of the maturing populace. The expense for providing consideration administration has been and is probably going to proceed to lift quicker. Let us presently center around the present emotionally supportive network in England especially private consideration. Forder ( 2009 ) clarifies that England falls into the methods tried gathering which implies that parts to the framework are commanded orchestrating to capacity to pay, and subsequently low pay bunches are sponsored with open help through general income upgrade. He more remote includes that in England, pretty much all open dispensing on cultural consideration is made by means of nearby boards, with the greater part of the financess assigned from general income upgrade and some other than rose through committee income improvement. The total to be spent on cultural consideration is financial plan obliged. Along these lines if the interest is higher than the existent or proposed financial plan, committees need to raise the FAC ( Fair Access to Care ) qualification limits ( Forder, 2009 ) . Sing since quite a while ago run consideration, nursing atte

Blog Archive MBA News Update on Stanford Interview Decisions

Blog Archive MBA News Update on Stanford Interview Decisions Stanford’s Admissions Director Derrick Bolton  created some transparency this week, releasing  a very brief update on  interview decisions. According to Bolton: Approximately 400 interview invitations have been extended to first-round candidates 150-200 more interview invitations should be extended in the coming weeks, before the notification deadline of 22 January 2009 On the notification date, 50-100 applicants may be invited to join the waitlist, without having the opportunity to interview,  though they may have the opportunity later on Share ThisTweet Blogroll News Stanford University (Stanford Graduate School of Business) Blog Archive MBA News Update on Stanford Interview Decisions Stanford GSB’s Dean of Admissions Derrick Bolton shed some welcome light on the status of R2 admissions yesterday, posting on his blog that about 2/3 of interview invitations have already been sent out.   He wrote: “we have invited 275 second-round candidates to interview. We will extend an additional 100-125 interview invitations to second-round candidates in the next couple of weeks.” In addition,  over the next couple of weeks, the GSB will reach out to some first-round candidates who were waitlisted without interviews and offer them interviews as well. Share ThisTweet Blogroll News

Highly Documented Comparisons and Measurements of...

The comparison of measurement and prediction of prestress losses in prestressed members is highly documented in literature. Hale et al. (2006) studied the prestress losses behavior of girders subjected to increased fiber stresses. They concluded that the previous AASHTO LRFD Specifications equations (2004) overestimated the prestress losses by roughly 50%. It was found that the NCHRP Report 496 (Tadros et al., 2003) equations predicted the losses to within an average of 6%. Currently, there have been quite a few investigations on empirical models for prestress losses for HSC. In a study conducted by Kowalsky et al. (2001) on several HPC bridge girders in North Carolina to determine the prestress losses of HPC girders. The researchers found shrinkage losses were a small component of the overall prestress losses and that the elastic shortening and creep losses were the main contributors. These larger than expected losses from elastic shortening and creep were because of a predicted m odulus of elasticity that was higher than actual. The total prestress losses ranged from 12.9% to 19.1% of the initial jacking stress. In an investigation conducted by Tadros et al. (2003), seven full-scale bridge girders were instrumented in Washington, Texas, Nebraska and New Hampshire to determine the prestress losses of HPC girders. The total prestress losses measured were found to be lower than the AASHTO LRFD (1998) model. Modiï ¬ ed expressions were proposed to AASHTO and later adopted inShow MoreRelatedProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesProject, could have been listed under several topics. Several of the cases and situations have seed questions provided to assist the reader in the analysis of the case. An instructor s manual is available from John Wiley Sons, Inc., to faculty members who adopt the book for classroom use. Almost all of the case studies are factual. In most circumstances, the cases and situations have been taken from the author s consulting practice. Some educators prefer not to use case studies dated back to theRead MoreCommunication Management Challenges in Construction Project Execution63139 Words   |  253 Pagesdifferent locations by different individuals and developers at the same time. Because of the relative ease of entry, at least at the lower end of the market, many new builders are attracted to the residential housing construction. Hence, this market is highly competitive, with potentially high risks as well as high rewards. Figure 1-2:   Residential Housing Construction (courtesy of Caterpillar, Inc.) Institutional and Commercial Building Construction Institutional and commercial building construction

An Examination of Leadership Styles Essay - 1088 Words

Introduction Different leaders have different ways of handling their role as leader of a group, particularly in the workplace. Whatever style a particular manager chooses, however, it is expected that, as leader, that he makes the final decision. Even in a more participatory work environment, it is expected of him or her to cast the deciding vote when there is a tie. Indeed, the ability to communicate is essential to being an effective leader. For a true leader must be able to communicate effectively and decisively to all members of an organization. No member of an organization wants to feel like he/she is the last to know, and be forced to reorganize his/her life, especially on the job, at the last minute.†¦show more content†¦Because he got the reputation as a good employer who frequently communicated with his employees and valued their input--the whole group rallied around him and agreed to volunteer during those tough times. Different Leadership Styles With that in mind, leadership theory has identified four management styles--authoritarian, democratic, participatory, and laissez-faire. There is inherently nothing wrong with any of them; all have their place at any given time. But its the communication aspect that is important when implementing any given method of leadership that makes an organization rise or fall, and determines if respect is retained or lost within the group. Stated another way, the problem does not lie in the styles themselves, but rather in the presentation. Authoritarian The authoritarian approach involves giving directives. It entails the leader instructing the employee that he needs a specific person to form a certain task. This style leaves no room for bargaining, and any non-compliance or objection of this directive will be viewed by management as insubordination. As harsh as it indeed sounds, there is a place in management for this leadership style. 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The Crime Of A Crime - 981 Words

A Crime To Be Poor? Many people are finding it harder and harder to make ends meet and making less money than ever before. Being poor has now become almost illegal in a country that punishes you for falling victim to poverty. Many are being discriminated for not having a place to call home. City ordinances are making it almost impossible for the homeless to have their needs met. According to Barbara Ehrenreich, author of Is It Now A Crime To Be Poor, If you re laying on a sidewalk, whether you re homeless or a millionaire, you re in violation of the ordinance (Ehrenreich). These city ordinances make it illegal to sit, sleep, lay down or loiter on a public sidewalk. Many states also forbid anyone to sleep under bridges. Being in debt can lead to creditors pressing charges that lead to steeper fines and punishments. Along with all of that, being poor can also lead to ridicules criminal charges that can lead to a downward spiral of fines or jail time. Barbra Ehrenreich grew up in a small town called Butte, Montana. At the time it was a thriving town. Her father worked in the mines and on the railroads. Her father eventually earned a degree at the Butte School of Mines. She moved allot as a child and found herself in the middle class category and attended school in Portland, Oregon and received her PhD in cellular biology. Later she changed her focus to writing. The woman s health movement got her attention and inspired her to became a journalist. SheShow MoreRelatedCrime : Crime And Crime1688 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermined that a crime is committed every second a day. Given the data by the FBI’s crime clock, a violent crime such include murder, robbery, rape and assaults occurs every 23.9 Seconds in the United State. 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Psychokinesis Essay Example For Students

Psychokinesis Essay Psychokinesis (PK)Since the beginning of time occurrences of psychokinesis has been recorded. The term itself is taken from the two Greek words psyche (breath, life, or soul) and kinein(to move.) Psychokinesis is a technique of mind over matter such as moving objects, bending metal objects, or knowing the outcome of future events, all with ones mind. Such occurrences of PK have been found in the Bible and have also been recorded from people throughout the ages. One such incident is of D.D. Holmes, who lived during the 19th century, who was known to levitate. Another is Nina Kulagina, who could alter the course of objects in motion, leave impressions on photograph, and she was even seen affecting the heart of a frog. She changed the heart rate and also stopped the heart and started it again. There are also pictures of her levitating objects. Researchers have not proven some of these occurrences to be fraud and also have not found a direct cause of PK. Many researchers believe that psychokinesis falls in the category of quantum physics. Dennis Over bye believes that psychokinesis belongs in this category because, the world has less to do with reality than with our perception of that reality. It has been determined that psychokinesis occurs within necessary conditions and with patterns, but these patterns have not applied to all cir cumstances. J. B. Rhine, an American parapsychologist at Duke University conducted an experiment with a gambler who claimed that he could predict the outcome of the fall of the dice. His results concluded that PK doesnt seem to connect with any physical process of the brain, or to be subject to any of the mechanical laws of physics. To J. P. Rhine, pyschokinesis was a nonphysical force of the mind that cannot be explained by any laws of physics. Rhines experiments and research lead to other studies. One physicist, Helmut Schmidt found PK in animals as well as humans. Other types of psychokinesis have been researched and have been thought of with skepticism. One such activity is of poltergeists, such as flying objects, breaking of dishes, and unexplained sounds. These activities are normally associated with children or young adults. Although the evidence of truth to psychokinesis is insignificant at this point in time, it is believed that one day psychokinesis with be proven to be a reality. When you focus your mind on a physical device, some aspect of yourself becomes identical with some piece of matter, states Albert Einstein, implying the partial reality of psychokinesis. Works CitedPsychokinesis http://theskepticistdictionary.htmlPsychokinesis: Studies ; History. http://www.parascope.com/articles/0397/pk04.htm. What is Pyschokinesis? http://www.themystica.com/mystica/articles/psycokinesis.html

Rain Water Harvesting Synopsis free essay sample

Kunj Aggarwal * Introduction Rainwater harvesting (RWH) – practiced for more than 4,000 years – in its broadest sense, is a technology used for collecting and storing rainwater for human consumption from rooftops, land surfaces or rock catchments. Rain water harvesting is a mini source water resource project that collects, stores rain water by structural measures, regulates and makes use of it for several purposes. In general, rain water harvesting refers to collection and storage of natural precipitation aimed at harvesting surface and ground water, prevention of losses through evaporation, seepage and all other hydrological studies and engineering interventions, aimed at conservation and efficient utilization of limited resources of water. Among the various alternative technologies to boost freshwater resources, rainwater harvesting and utilization is a decentralized, environmentally sound solution, which can avoid many environmental problems. Statement of research * AIM * An analysis of rain water harvesting techniques employed in arid regions of Rajasthan. * OBJECTIVE * To obtain and compile, literature concerning the topic. We will write a custom essay sample on Rain Water Harvesting Synopsis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * To obtain and compile, the rain water harvesting techniques employed in and around the Bikaner district, via field study. * To compare the effectualness of the practically employed techniques to the theoretical techniques. * To suggest methods to ameliorate the practically employed techniques. * SCOPE Rain water harvesting techniques. * Water harvesting calculations: * Catchment area calculation * Runoff calculation * Water storage capacity needed * Design of storage tank * Design of recharge trench * LIMITATIONS * Observations during all the four seasons, i. e. 12 months, should be made, which would not be possible due to time boundations. * Academic context: * Rain Water Harvesting for Dry lands and Beyond by Brad Lancaster * Strategies for Sustainable Architecture by Paola Sassi

Reservation Blues By Sherman Alexie essays

Reservation Blues By Sherman Alexie essays Reservation Blues by Sherman Alexie represents to its audience the tale of how the Native Americans had to abdicate their belief, Religion and ways of life after the coming of the White Men. Until the coming of the White Men, the Native Americans were divided into a number of tribes, each preaching their own religion and living according to their own culture and tradition. After defeating the Indians on the battlefield and conquering their lands, the White Men forced them to give up their traditional ways, convert to the faith of Christianity and adopt modernity. In the novel, the author illustrates many contradictions of the Indian life through the representation of the present day Indian Scene with the hurting accuracy of praetorian tribal politicians, ruffians who are at the higher authority then these politicians, drunken parents, inedible commodity food, 7-11 stores, Catholicism, Christianity, ancient Indian knowledge and prudence and the maniacal world of softball and basketball. This is where Michael White Hawk comes in. He is a precarious and an unsteady man who spends his days walking on the grounds of the parochial Softball field and it is through his character that these anomalies of the Indian ways of life, despite the frequent crossing over into burlesque, are expressed through the poetic candor. According to Philip J. Deloria, Early American development of a revolutionary identity, created an Native Americans to help shape American culture. Whites had their own notions of Indianness, but even with such (mis)representations, real to stay present at the margins, insinuating their way into Euro- often attempting to nudge notions of Indianness in directions they (Douglas Ford, Sherman Alexie's Indigenous Blues). ...

Existence of God Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Existence of God - Assignment Example This proposition, while it makes some sense, can be questioned in terms of its physical evidence. 2. One cannot put soil in a container and expect it to someday become a house in the future. If no one or nothing does something to it to form another thing, it will remain to be soil. This is what St. Aquinas tries to prove in his argument; that things cannot be without things and movers. For a thing to come into existence; there should be crude materials from which it should be made from. In addition, there should be a maker who has to work on the materials. From this perspective, St. Aquinas proves that God exists claiming that if nothing existed before, then nothing should exist now but since we and the things around us exist, there must be someone who made all things. Again the problem with logical explanations is the absence or lack of physical explanation. 3. The problem of evil as J. L. Mackie explains is rather a necessity than a problem. He goes on to cite Job in the bible as an example. Although he was a good man, Job suffered many evils which cannot be said to be the consequences of his actions. Instead, as Eliphaz points out, â€Å"man is born to trouble†. Mackie claims that evil was necessary for God to test Job’s faithfulness and goodness and therefore, decide on his eternal destination, heaven or hell. However, this could be difficult to explain the just nature or God as the bible claims because as it is understood, justice is having the sinner punished and the good man rewarded. 4. If a man evolves into a bat, he still would not know how it is like to be a bat. This is what Thomas Nagel believes who claims that none of us can ever know how it is to be like a bat. He says this because he believes that knowing is experiencing. Knowing is a process gained from experience and so the transformed bat mentioned earlier cannot really know how it is to be a bat. His experience from being a bat does not suffice to make him know because he lacks the

How successful has the ANC been in addressing the key legacys of Essay

How successful has the ANC been in addressing the key legacys of apartheid - Essay Example The fact however was that the blacks were handicapped from exercising influence or any form of authority to issues concerning them in their immediate environment. Inferior treatments were meted out to the blacks in terms of the public services that were made available to them (Department of Health, 2004). Apartheid may have been a director consequence of British colonialism that sought to regulate the movement, of blacks to white occupied territories. More than ten different laws encapsulated the apartheid era. There was a laws prohibiting mixed marriages between whites and non-whites, it was considered a criminal act for a white to have sexual relations with other races. Citizens were registered on the basis of their skin colour. The country was partitioned into different areas with different governing structures put on ground for these different areas. There were further laws checking black migration to the cities and from sharing the same public amenities. Other laws mere the banks Education Act that brought black schooling directly under government control and thereby ending the running of schools by the missionaries, the law preventing i llegal squatting, the suppression of communism etc. These and many more characterized apartheid or â€Å"Separatism† by South Africa. The ANC is an acronym that stands for African National Congress and the currently ruling political party in South Africa with social-Democratic inclinations. South African blacks readily accepted this party as theirs because it had as it major mission, the welfare and the rights of South African Blacks. Formally called the South African native National congress, the ANC was founded in 1912 with initial founding members like John Lube and sole plaatje. The composition of the ANC at foundation included Local Chiefs, Representatives of the people, churches & etc with the

The Torture Of Suspected Terrorists Criminology Essay

The Torture Of Suspected Terrorists Criminology Essay Torture inflicts severe pain to force someone to do or say something, and has been used against prisoners-of-war, suspected insurgents and political prisoners for hundreds of years. In the 1970s and 1980s, governments began to identify a specific form of violence called terrorism and to identify prisoners as terrorists (1). This is when the history of torture and terrorism begins. While many countries practice torture against political prisoners, only some name their dissidents terrorists or face potential threats from terrorism. Governments have used systematic torture in conflicts with rebel, insurgent or resistance groups in long running conflicts since the 1980s (2). It is questionable whether these should always be called terrorism conflicts. Governments are likely to call their non-state violent opponents terrorists, but only sometimes are they clearly engaged in terrorist activity. Torture has always played some role in federal, state, or local policy. Prior to the innovation of the penitentiary system in the early 19th century, forms of physical punishment that we now consider torture were extremely common (1). Torture by United States forces in wartime is not unheard of. And the persistent use of torture against low-income communities of color has also been well-documented. The issue of torture in relation to terrorism was raised publicly in the United States in 2004, when news of a 2002 Memorandum issued by the Justice Department for the CIA suggested that torturing Al Qaeda and Taliban detainees captured in Afghanistan might be justified to prevent further attacks on the United States, where in reality it does not prevent anything (2). If we all took a closer look to what the terrorist torture does to humans we would see that it doesnt justify any means to be able to gather information. At times the United States goes too far when it comes to the techniques they use to gather information from a suspected terrorist. When it comes to the 9/11 attack, there is still no means for the harsh ways of torture for the prisoners held liable. After the attacks of September 11, 2001, the Bush administration began using torture-lite techniques against suspected terrorist detainees (3). These techniques have included water boarding, sleep deprivation, long-term use of loud noises, forced nudity, and forced standing. If any civilized person stood a day on these torture tactics, it would be I insane. Its like basically saying that you have no respect for human life, which basically means nothing to anyone, and that shouldnt be the case. Torture is by far the worst thing that any state or nation should do. There are obviously different ways to gather and receive information from the suspected terrorist groups, torture is never the answer and it shouldnt justify anything. The Al Qaeda attacks of September 11, the ensuing declaration of a global war on terror, and the rapid development of more stringent counter-t errorism efforts have pitched the issue of human rights and terrorism into high relief (2). This is true not only in the United States, but in a number of countries who have signed on as partners in a global coalition to crack down on terrorist activity. Indeed, following 9/11 a number of countries that routinely violate the human rights of political prisoners or dissidents found tacit American sanction to expand their repressive practices (3). At Abu Ghraib, U.S. military personnel and CIA interrogators were revealed to have gone several steps further, implementing forms of torture that involved lasting physical damage, sexual humiliation, and sometimes death (2). In the years immediately preceding the 9/11 attacks, there was no question that torture as an interrogation practice is out-of-bounds for American military personnel. In 1994, the United States passed a law prohibiting the use of torture by American military under any circumstances (2). Furthermore, the United States was bound, as a signatory, to comply with the 1949 Geneva Convention, which prohibits torturing prisoners-of-war (3). The Abu Ghraib province west of Baghdad in Iraq became a household name globally when news of American troops torturing prisoners at the Abu Ghraib (3). Scandal erupted when photographs taken by American military police, depicting their abuse and torture of Iraqi detainees, became public in April, 2004 (3). The photographs revealed to rture based largely on the sexual humiliation of the detainees. Seven soldiers engaged in the prisoner abuse were subsequently convicted in court martials on dereliction of duty and assault and battery charges. The Abu Ghraib prison scandal caused lasting harm to the American reputation and increased skepticism about American motives in its declared war on terror. What the people fail to see is that the United States government thinks that its okay to beat and torture these people until their last breath to say what they want to say. I remember we watched a movie in one of my classes where it dealt with the torture of the American Government to receive information regarding any more of terrorist attacks. This poor man said lies because of the way the government was torturing, so basically he just told them what they wanted to here. That just comes to show people that what the United States government is doing is beyond wrong and cruel. At times these issues come with looking at the fact that obviously these people are treated differently because of their race. At times the United States feels as if they have so much control over the people that they fail to see that there always are some kind of consequences when it comes to torturing people and at times torturing the wrong people. Human rights are relevant to terrorism as concerns both its victims and its perpetrators. The concept of human rights was first expressed in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which established recognition of the inherent dignity and inalienable rights of all members of the human family (2). The innocent victims of terrorism suffer an attack on their most basic right to live in peace and security. Torturing another human being is inexcusable, no matter the circumstance. Some may justify that the knowledge a terrorist might have could save millions of lives, and that in this case, the ends justify the means. To an extent I agree that the loss of an individuals well-being to save so many others can sometimes be justified. However, torture cannot be justified in this way because it is incapable of achieving its end; torture is not only inhumane, it is also very ineffective. When an individual is tortured for information, that person will say anything you want them to. While being tortured, an individuals number one priority is to make the pain stop by doing whatever the torturer asks. However, if you are torturing someone, they probably dont have much respect for you, and will have no qualms about lying their ass off. If a torturer is trying to get information about a certain subject, he obviously lacks the information he needs, and has no way of being able to tell whether or not the person being tortured is being truthful. Therefore any information from a person being tortured is unreliable and unusable. Torture also promotes terrorism. Terrorist actions against Americans stem from hatred for and a lack of respect towards our country. Whenever we torture a terrorist, members of his organization can use him as a poster child: Look at what the Americans are doing to our people. Look how inhumane they are. Look at how badly they treat us. Though we may hate terrorists for what they have done to our soldiers, torturing them is not a solution. It only continues the cycle. The best thing to do to captured terrorists is to treat them humanely, and give them, and other like-minded individuals, less reason to hate our country.

Chinese Footbinding :: essays research papers fc

The ancient Chinese custom of footbinding caused severe life-long suffering for the Chinese women involved. When researching the subject of footbinding, one of the difficult things is finding factual knowledge written before the 20th century. Most of the historical data has been gathered from writings, drawings and photographs from the 19th and 20th centuries. Additionally, the research indicates that the historical documentation was mainly from missionary accounts and literature from various anti-footbinding societies. These groups had a bias because of their opposing viewpoints. The first documented reference to footbinding was from the Southern Tang Dynasty in Nanjing (Vento 1). Although the history of footbinding is very vague it lasted for at least one thousand years.Early text referred to the Han Dynasty as people who preferred that the women have small feet (Vento, 1). Vento also acknowledged the first documented reference to actual binding of the feet was from the Tang Dynasty in Nanjing (1). Before the Sung Dynasty Binding was only slightly constricting, allowing for free movement, they were also thought to have used footbinding to suppress women. The Yuan Dynasty introduced binding into the central and southern parts of China. It may have been emphasized to draw a clear cultural distinction between the Chinese and their large footed conquerors, the Mongols. Footbinding was most popular during the Ming Dynasty, if parents cared for their sons they would not go easy on their studies and if they cared for their daughters they would not go easy on their footbinding (Levy, 47-49). One recent study estimated that there are still one million women in China with bound feet. The last Chinese women, still living with bound feet in Hawaii, was in 1994 (Kam, D-6).There are many legends of how footbinding began, one such legend is Lady Yao, a dancer and concubine for Prince Li Yu, danced with such grace that the prince required her to bind her feet to resemble new moons all the time. Another, is that it began out of the sympathy for Empress Taki who had club feet (Aero, 112-113). Although it has not been proven how footbinding started, one of the biggest reasons the practice continued for over 1000 years was it's sexual appeal (Kam, D-1).Humans have shown they will do just about anything- good, evil, or in-between for sex. Footbinding is a very bold issue that many Chinese do not like to talk about.

To What Extent Does Democracy in the Uk Suffer?

Politics Essay To what extent does democracy in the UK suffer from a participation crisis? (25 marks) There are a lot of ways in which citizens can participate in politics in the UK without necessarily having to vote for example: joining a political party, boycotting, and even signing petitions and fund raising. However, there is an argument that there has been a participation crisis over the past years in the UK. A participation crisis is when less and less citizens take part in political activities; this can be shown in the decrease of voter turnout and the level of participation.On the other hand, there is an argument that there is in fact not a participation crisis because the turnout of voting is increasing and specific forms of participation are also on the rise. In this essay, I will be arguing whether or not the UK is suffering from a participation crisis and if we are suffering to what extent. The main concern about democracy in the UK comes from evidence of rising political apathy. Some people have seen this as nothing more than a ‘participation crisis’.Can democracy be classed as healthy when more and more voters every year seem to be unconcerned or reluctant to engage in political life? Deteriorating rates of voter turnout and falling levels of party membership despite there being opportunities for participation show evidence. There are three main reasons to show why there is a participation crisis in the UK. The first reason is the public. Due to people’s interest in materialism, individualism and lack of community, citizens fail to pull together and look out for each other, which decreases the interest and connection they have in politics.Decreasing rates in party membership and electoral turnouts is part of a process that’s seen less interest in political affairs as citizens seem to care more about themselves and family rather than their neighbours and society as a whole. The voting turnout over the past years has been inconsistent. During 1945 to 1992, the average turnout rate in the UK general elections was above 75 per cent. However in the 2001 general election, the turnout rate was 59 per cent, the lowest the turnout rate has ever been since 1918. This shows the interest citizens had in political affairs decreased drastically.The turnout rate did increase however, by the 2010 UK general election the turnout rate was at 65 per cent due to the first ever UK TV debate with the three party leaders: David Cameron, Gordon Brown and Nick Clegg even though it was still below the average turnout rate during 1945 to 1992. Similarly, party membership in the UK has also decreased over the years. For example the number of people that were registered to Labour party has fallen from over one million members in the mid 1950’s to around 166,000 members in 2009. Conservatives party membership has also fallen.The number of people that were registered to Conservative party has fallen from approx. 2. 8 mill ion members in the 1950’s to around 250,000 members in 2009. By 2007, less than 1 per cent of people across the UK belonged to political parties, from 7 per cent 50 years ago. This shows a decline in party membership which is caused by a decline in the voters’ loyalty towards political parties. Another reason why there is a participation crisis in the UK is the media. The media has a big impact and influence on citizens and the way they vote and support political parties.The media focuses on the political scandals, allegations, incompetence and policy failure of the parties which means that the good things about the leading politicians are forgotten about and the negative tend to be more popular. For example, the Sun newspaper has seemed to influence citizens about which party should be in power as each party the Sun has supported over the years has won in the general elections. This shows that the media has had an impact on citizens and their preferred party which cou ld be another reason why there is a participation crisis.The final explanation why there is a participation crisis in the UK is the politicians themselves. Politicians have been known to lack vision, and only really care about being elected in modern politicians and political parties as it is seen as just another professional career. Politicians have also been known to be over -concerned with the media and how they are portrayed rather than being concerned on how things are at the moment and what they can do to make things better.This creates an impression to citizens that politicians are less trustworthy and are all about presentation which causes turnout rates and party membership to decline. The growing idea for politicians to target key voters and citizens they feel might change parties is also a contribution to declining voter turnout rates as other citizens may feel like they aren’t as important or cared about and so decide to not vote or vote for a different party beca use the political parties are ignoring the voters in the majority of seats.The decline in participation rates may also be because of politicians and political parties being too similar to each other, which doesn’t give citizens much choice if both parties are appealing to the same targets and have the same policies. In previous years there were clear divides in the different parties and policies, which made it easier for citizens to choose which party they wanted in power. However for example, the Labour and Conservative parties have distanced themselves away from their traditional policies and targets and are now both focusing on Middle English citizens.In my opinion, there is much evidence for a participation crisis, although single issue politics is growing and pressure groups add to the democratic process as they give a voice to those who are ignored by the majority system. Party memberships have declined however pressure group memberships are growing. Voter turnout is de clining, fewer people feel naturally inclined to a particular party and even less take an active interest in politics due to rising income levels blurring class lines. Because pressure group membership, e petitions and direct action have increased I think this contradicts the idea of a participation crisis.To conclude, the British people have always been reluctant to get involved in democracy. Although forms of participation are constantly evolving; with the small minority who take a strong interest in politics turning more to action groups at the cost of parties, nothing has occurred since 1918 to change the fact that the majority give more priority to work, home, recreation and their private lives instead of public concerns. Many changes can be made to improve democracy however it may not work because Britons do not have an active involvement in politics.There are three main factors that could explain declining turnouts at election time, the electorate- society has become more mat erialistic, the media- they have caused enormous problems for the public to trust and put their faith in politics, and lastly politicians- they have done nothing to restore faith back into politics. The cause of participation crisis lies within the physical act of voting being out of touch with the public. Many of us are tied with jobs social life family life to find time to vote. Therefore voting becomes a burden.

The Child Movement And America s Juvenile Justice System

Both Platt and Ward do an excellent examination of critically going through what was happening in the â€Å"Child Savings Movement† and America’s juvenile justice system. Platt and Ward gave me perspectives of beliefs, biases, practices, and institutions that existed during the inception of the juvenile justice system. I will be discussing one of the practices which is child labor and also I will be discussing about the orphan trains. Does punishment work? I will then be discussing reflectively about what I would have done to address this problem. Platt’s view on the motivation of the child saving movement was interesting. He believed there was a middle class desire to control the dangerous and perishing classes. A push from middle-class professionals working in the area to improve their status. The desire of middle class women to widen their sphere of influence. In 1969, Platt summarized three themes: (1) The child savers were not benevolent, because they imprisoned children for long periods of time under the pretext of protecting them from corrupting influences, (2) the ideal home setting was gauged by idealized middle- or upper-class standards that would be difficult for anyone to maintain, and (3) the child savers blurred the line between dependent and delinquent children, so any criminal child lost the right to due process and anybody who argued this point was treated as uniformed. Child labor was extremely terrifying during the child saving movement. These children wereShow MoreRelatedChallenges for the Juvenile J ustice System1067 Words   |  5 PagesChallenges for the Juvenile Justice System It has been one hundred years since the creation of the juvenile court in the United States. 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